What are the effects of alternative development strategies on growth, poverty, and human development, including the MDGs (Millennium Development Goals)? For a series of countries in sub-Saharan Africa, this question is addressed using MAMS (Maquette for MDG Simulations), an innovative and flexible economywide model that underlies each case study. The main contribution of MAMS is that it provides an integrated framework for analyzing scenarios for foreign aid and domestic government policies, including allocations of government spending to health, education, infrastructure, and other areas. The empirical insights generated from the country case studies identify areas of policy attention.